GALLSTONE DISEASE IN YOUNG CHILDREN. METHODS OF TREATMENT.

Abstract

The main importance in stone formation in children is given to hereditary
factors in combination with general metabolic disorders and anomalies in the development
of the biliary system. The formation of stones in children is not accompanied by an acute
inflammatory process in the gallbladder. Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract
are factors contributing to the development of cholelithiasis in children. The clinical
picture of cholelithiasis in preschool children resembles an attack of hypertensive biliary
dyskinesia, and in older children it proceeds under the guise of esophagitis, chronic
gastroduodenitis, peptic ulcer. Gallstone disease (GSD, cholelithiasis, K80) is a
multifactorial metabolic disease of the hepatobiliary system, characterized by the formation
of stones in the hepatic bile ducts, common bile duct, and gallbladder. Cholelithiasis is
accompanied by a continuously recurrent inflammatory process, the outcome of which
is sclerosis and dystrophy of the gallbladder. Currently, this pathology has been sufficiently
studied in adults, however, direct copying of the mechanisms of gallstone formation and
associated clinical manifestations is completely unacceptable for pediatric practice.